Originally posted by EJ94c
i've heard this theory a lot, i still don't understand though. could you explain?
I'll do my best, but it's a bit complicated.
Einstein postulated that Maxwell's Equations were constant regardless of velocity, mass, etc. For this to be true, the speed of light also has to be constant. This may seem to defy common logic, but think of it like this:
If you are driving at 20 mph and a car passes you going 30 mph, what speed do you see them moving forward at? Well, you see them pass you going 10 mph. Now pretend you are traveling at 20 mph and a beam of light passes you. What speed do you see it pass at? You see it pass at the speed of light. You may think that it would be c (light speed) minus your speed, but it is the same regardless of your speed.
For c to be constant, time, mass, and length must be relative. Einstein figured out that if you begin to move, your mass, length and time all increase by 1/(1-v^2/c^2). If you plug in v values close to c, you find that time slows down substantially to allow c to be constant.
It might seem far-fetched, but it is experimentally proven. Time-dilation is accounted for in GPS systems. If the satellites ran the same way clocks on Earth do, the measurements would be off by several kilometers

.
EDIT: Found a good video that will explain it better than I did:
[ws]HHRK6ojWdtU[/ws]